Second, the principle of white blood cell classification
1. The principle of three classifications of white blood cells: According to the principle of electrical impedance method, the size of pulses generated when white blood cells of different volumes pass through the small holes are significantly different. The instrument divides the white blood cells into groups according to the size of the pulse. The hemolytic agent is added to the specimen to dissolve the red blood cells, and the instrument will count the number of electronic pulses greater than 35fl measured from the white blood cell counting pool as the white blood cell count. At the same time, the white blood cells in the blood are divided into three groups according to the size of the pulse: small cell group (35~90fl, mainly lymphocytes), intermediate cell group (91~160fl, including monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils) Cells and immature cells, etc.) and large cell populations (161~450fl, mainly neutrophils).
It is characterized by fast detection speed and easy operation, which can greatly improve work efficiency. This type of instrument can be used for the screening of white blood cell classification in routine examination specimens, and the positive specimens detected by the instrument should be further examined by microscopy. If there is a suspected blood disease, even if the instrument does not indicate abnormality, blood smears and microscopic examinations should be taken.
2. The principle of five classification: the three-grouping of electrical impedance method is developed into multiple technologies (laser, radio frequency and chemical staining) to detect a cell at the same time, comprehensively analyze the experimental data, and obtain the five classification results of white blood cells. This method measures many cells and has strong specificity. It is now considered to be an ideal automated blood cell classification method.
Third, the principle of hemoglobin measurement
The three-group or five-category hematology analyzer uses spectrophotometry to measure hemoglobin. The principle is that the diluent containing the hemolytic agent dissolves the red blood cells and releases hemoglobin. The hemoglobin combines with certain components in the hemolytic agent to form a stable hemoglobin derivative, which is colorimetric in a specific light wave range (530~550nm) , Because the change in absorbance is directly proportional to the blood hemoglobin concentration, the hemoglobin concentration can be calculated.
