There are many types of ultrasound diagnosis, which can generally be divided into A-type, B-type, D-type, M-type and so on. At present, our commonly used ultrasound diagnosis is generally a combination of multiple types. Both A-ultrasound and M-ultrasound are one-dimensional imaging. In addition to its applications in ophthalmology, A-ultrasound has been basically eliminated in other fields. M-ultrasound is mainly used for cardiac ultrasound.
B-mode ultrasound is the basis of all current ultrasound diagnosis. It can directly display two-dimensional spatial images, so it is also called two-dimensional ultrasound. D-mode ultrasound is also called Doppler type. The Doppler frequency shift signal of blood flow and organ activity is superimposed on the two-dimensional image of B-mode ultrasound after autocorrelation technology and other processing and color coding. This is the general meaning Color Doppler ultrasound. Many people think that color Doppler ultrasound is a color TV. All the images you see should be in color. However, color Doppler ultrasound is by no means a full-screen color. Only when the blood flow signal is observed, it partially displays red or blue. Therefore, color Doppler ultrasound can provide not only morphological information of two-dimensional images, but also hemodynamic information, which is the mainstream of ultrasound diagnosis today.
In recent years, new technologies such as three-dimensional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound have emerged, which are all in rapid development. At present, three-dimensional ultrasound is mainly used in obstetrics for the examination of the fetus. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is achieved by injecting a contrast agent into a vein. The purpose has been successively carried out in major hospitals across the country, greatly enhancing the scope and level of ultrasound diagnosis.
Routine ultrasound examination is done on the body surface. Some organs or lesions are located in the deep part of the pelvis. At this time, in order to avoid the influence of other tissues, intracavitary detection methods can be used, such as transesophageal examination of the digestive tract and heart, transrectal examination of the prostate, Vaginal examination of uterus, accessories, etc. Under the guidance of ultrasound, the puncture needle, drainage catheter or medicine is correctly inserted or injected into the desired focus, cyst, body cavity, duct and other specific parts to achieve the purpose of diagnosis and/and treatment. This is called interventional ultrasound. In addition, ultrasound can also guide the treatment of tumors or directly use high-energy focused ultrasound to treat tumors.
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