Methods of Monitoring Fetal Heart Rate
There are currently three types: stethoscope, fetal heart rate device, and fetal language device.
(1) Stethoscopes are very common and cheap, but they are used to find the position of the fetal heart, which requires relatively high technical requirements and has a low voice, which is difficult for ordinary people to hear.
(2) The fetal heart rate monitor and the fetal speech monitor both use Doppler auscultation technology. The fetal heart rate monitor can be used to listen to the fetal heart rate, and some can display the fetal heart rate through LED or LCD screen.
(3) Fetal speech monitor is a smart device that can basically meet the standards for monitoring fetal heart rate at home. It can be used to listen to and record fetal sounds, count heart rate and fetal movement, draw monitoring curves, and allow doctors to remotely listen to fetal heart rates, etc.; it needs to be connected to a mobile phone application , Suitable for pregnant women with Apple and Android phones.
How to look at the fetal heart rate monitoring chart?
1. The scoring standard of fetal heart rate monitoring
(1) Baseline fetal heart rate (bpm): 180 beats/minute 0 minutes; 100-119 beats/minute or 161-180 beats/minute 1 minute; 120-160 beats/minute 2 minutes.
(2) Fetal heart rate variability (bpm): <5 0="" 5="" 10="" 1="">10 is 2 points.
(3) Fetal heart rate growth rate (bpm): <5 0="" 5="" 10="" 1="">10 is 2 points.
(4) Fetal heart rate deceleration: 0 points for repeated late deceleration or repeated variant deceleration; 1 point for variant deceleration; 4 points for no or early deceleration.
After the fetal heart rate monitoring, a fetal heart rate monitoring sheet will be given. The doctor will score the fetal heart rate monitoring and add up the scores of the above four items. If ≤4 points, it means the fetus is hypoxic, 5-7 points are suspicious, and further action is required. Monitoring; 8-10 points means that the monitoring response is good.
2. Contractions
According to the frequency of contractions, they can be divided into: normal (observed for at least 30 minutes, an average of ≤5 times every 10 minutes), overly strong (observed for at least 30 minutes, an average of >5 times every 10 minutes). The uterine contraction curve represents the intrauterine pressure, which increases when the uterus contracts, and then stays around 20mmHg. The observation of the contraction curve plays a very important role in judging the deceleration (referring to the slowing down of the fetal heart rate when the contraction occurs). Fetal heart rate deceleration is divided into multiple occurrences (deceleration within 20 minutes accompanied by at least half of the contractions), and intermittent occurrence (deceleration within 20 minutes accompanied by less than half of the contractions). According to the relationship between fetal heart rate and contractions, it can be divided into three categories: early deceleration, variant deceleration, and late deceleration.
3. Baseline Fetal Heart Rate
The normal range of the baseline fetal heart rate: my country stipulates that it is 120-160 beats/min. Fetal heart rate <120 beats/minute or> 160 beats/minute for more than 10 minutes is called fetal heart rate bradycardia or fetal heart rate tachycardia. Fetal bradycardia can be seen in prolonged pregnancy, transverse occipital position, fetal congenital heart disease, or myocardial conduction defect. It can also be seen in pregnant women with hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hypothyroidism, and β-blockers. It often does not happen suddenly and generally does not require emergency intervention. Fetal tachycardia is often related to pregnant women with fever, infection, fetal anemia or hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, fetal tachyarrhythmia, or due to the use of sympathetic nerve agonists or parasympathetic nerve blockers.
Fetal heart rate monitoring normal value
There are two lines on the fetal heart rate monitoring chart, the upper one is the basic fetal heart rate line, which is generally expressed as a straight line of waveform. When the fetal movement occurs, the heart rate will rise, showing an upward protruding curve, and will slowly decrease after the fetal movement ends. The lower line represents the intrauterine pressure, which increases only during contractions, and then remains at about 2.66kPa (20mmHg).
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