Popular science knowledge of ultrasonography
Do Ultrasounds Have Radiation?
The "ultra" in ultrasonography refers to ultrasound, which is essentially the same as the sound you hear, but ultrasound is a special high-frequency sound wave that cannot be heard by the human ear, so there is no radioactivity, so you can check it with confidence. The advantages of ultrasonography, such as economy, convenience, and repeatability, have now become one of the first-choice inspection methods in clinical practice.
Why do some ultrasound examinations require fasting, and some examinations require holding back urine?
This is determined according to the physiological characteristics of the human body and the principles of ultrasound examination. After eating, the gallbladder will contract due to the emptying of bile, which will cause the gallbladder to be unclear, and the contents and gas in the gastrointestinal tract will affect the transmission and reflection of ultrasound in the human body, making the ultrasound image blurred; If the bladder is filled with fluid, it is like a deflated balloon. Ultrasound cannot detect diseases of the bladder. On the contrary, if the bladder is filled well, it can not only find the problems of the bladder itself, but also provide a sound-transparent channel for the uterine appendages or prostate around it. window for clearer and more reliable images.
What should I pay attention to before ultrasound examination?
1. The digestive system (liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas), abdominal blood vessels, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes need to be fasted for 8-12 hours.
2. Examinations of the urinary system (kidney, ureter, bladder, prostate), gynecology (uterus, appendages, early pregnancy, placenta previa, suspected cervical insufficiency, cesarean section scar conditions) and other examinations need to hold back urine to fill the bladder.
3. Bladder should be emptied before transvaginal/rectal ultrasonography.
4. Most ultrasonography examinations in children (especially echocardiography in children) need to be performed in a quiet state, and appropriate sedatives can be given by the pediatrician if necessary.
5. Some ultrasound examinations (breast, scrotum, extremities, etc.) need to fully expose the examination site. It is recommended to wear loose, easy-to-wear and easy-to-take-off, plain clothing; for neck, limbs and other examinations, jewelry should be removed early for examination.
There are many inspections at the same time, what should be done first?
Ultrasonography should be scheduled before endoscopy (gastroenteroscopy), barium meal, and cholangiography.
Ultrasound examinations for special items (such as interventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound in second pregnancy, etc.) need to be booked in advance.
The scope of application of ultrasound
1. Head and neck, brain, intraocular and orbital, maxillofacial, neck, thyroid, parathyroid, lymph nodes, etc.
2. Chest, mammary gland, chest wall, chest cavity, lung and heart, etc. 3. Abdomen, abdominal cavity and retroperitoneum, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, uterine appendages, bladder, prostate, etc.
4. Male reproductive system: scrotum, testis, epididymis, spermatic cord and seminal vesicles, etc.
5. Abdominal great vessels and peripheral vessels, etc.
6. Joints and soft tissues, etc.
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