Principles and Advantages of Ultrasound Absorptiometry
Ultrasonic bone densitometer is to use ultrasonic wave to measure SOS (speed of sound), BUA (ultrasonic frequency attenuation) and BQI (bone bone) of human calcaneus, hip bone, cavity bone and phalangeal bone through water or couplant. A set of parameters related to bone quality, such as index), is an instrument that calculates and reflects the value of human bone quality, thereby diagnosing the bone condition of the subject.
Principle
The basic principle is to transmit ultrasonic waves from one side of the bone to the other side, receive ultrasonic waves whose amplitude is attenuated after passing through the bone and soft tissue, and measure two parameters that are closely related to bone density and bone microstructure—sonic velocity (SOS) and Ultrasound frequency attenuation (BUA), which is used to calculate bone density and bone strength, etc., respectively.
Clinical application
1. Physical Examination Center
Ultrasonic absorptiometry has the advantages of convenient detection and no radiation damage. It is currently the only instrument that can be widely used in census, re-examination, dynamic observation of bone mineral density changes, and timely prediction of the risk of complications. When women stop menopause, men after 65 years of age should have bone mineral density examination, 1-2 times a year, and formulate preventive measures according to the examination situation, which can slow down the development of osteoporosis and prevent the occurrence of osteoarthritis and fractures.
2. Pediatrics
It is mainly used in the detection, auxiliary diagnosis, etiological analysis and treatment observation of children's nutritional deficiencies and diseases caused by the following reasons. Including: calcium deficiency, vitamin A, D, C and K deficiency, zinc deficiency, precocious puberty, delayed sexual development, lead, cadmium and vitamin D poisoning, growth hormone (GH) deficiency, etc. These diseases and unhealthy states can cause abnormal bone development and bone mineral deficiency in children, which can be found by bone mineral density examination, and the cause can be analyzed through treatment observation to improve the effect of prevention and treatment.
3. Obstetrics and Gynecology
Changes in bone mineral density during pregnancy and lactation are caused by the growth and development of fetuses and infants. Ultrasound BMD can be used to observe the dynamic changes of BMD during pregnancy and lactation in stages because there is no radiation. It is an indispensable diagnosis and treatment method to guide nutritional supplementation and prevent calcium deficiency in fetuses and infants, and osteoporosis in pregnant women and nursing mothers.
4. Endocrinology and Geriatrics
Osteoporosis is the most common bone degenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is related not only to endocrine changes, but also to genetics and nutritional deficiencies such as calcium. Bone and joint pain and fractures caused by osteoporosis are clinically frequent diseases. Such as lumbar vertebral deformation, intervertebral disc disease, vertebral fractures, cervical spondylosis, limb joint and bone pain, lumbar spine, femoral neck, radius fractures, etc.
5. Orthopedics
Bone density testing for middle-aged and elderly people with bone and joint diseases and fractures has become a routine inspection item. Some bone metabolic diseases and hereditary diseases can be diagnosed by bone mineral density test, including: osteogenesis imperfecta, osteolithiasis, infantile osteocortical hyperplasia, phosphatase disease, etc.
Advantage
1. Non-invasive, no radiation
Bone analyzer has obvious advantages over X-ray absorptiometry in measuring bone density, especially non-radiation, which can completely avoid the carcinogenic and teratogenic side effects of X-ray absorptiometry, especially in fetuses, children and adolescents. Cell growth is active, and DNA is easily damaged by radiation and becomes cancerous. The elderly also have an increased risk of cancer because of the reduced ability to repair damaged cells. Therefore, the use of X-ray equipment in pregnant women, children, adolescents, and the elderly should be avoided as much as possible. The ultrasound absorptiometry does not have any rays, it is suitable for the bone density examination of children, pregnant women and the elderly, which is safe and reliable.
2. High accuracy and repeatability
The reverse technology of two-way transmission and two-way reception is adopted, and two equidistant sound velocity values are obtained at the same time to indicate the parallel state of the ultrasonic device and the measured bone. The two sound speed values are displayed on the test interface with different colored ribbons, and the results are visible and easy to operate. Visual positioning system to ensure measurement accuracy and repeatability.
