High-pressure steam sterilization has the advantages of fast sterilization speed, reliable effect, high temperature, strong penetrating power, etc. Improper use can lead to sterilization failure. Points to note during sterilization:
1. Preliminary treatment of disinfected items. All medical equipment, sheets, clothing, etc. that have been exposed to pathogenic microorganisms should be disinfected with chemical disinfectants first, and then cleaned as usual. In particular, all kinds of items after use in infectious wards should be strictly checked. They should be strictly disinfected first, and then cleaned and disinfected. In routine cleaning, first soak and scrub with detergent solution to remove oil stains, blood stains and other dirt on items, and then rinse with running water. Instruments and other items such as shaft joints, tooth slots and gaps should be opened or disassembled as much as possible and thoroughly washed. The washed items should be wiped dry, and packed according to the clinical needs to avoid re-contamination. The containers and transportation tools of the items before and after the contamination should be strictly separated and clearly marked to prevent cross-infection.
2. The packaging and containers of sterilized items should be appropriate. The packaging adopts double-wrapped white cotton cloth. The new wrapper should be washed and dessized before use. The packaging of the items should be tied with string, so that it should not be loose and loose, and should not be too tight. When the container is used for storage, the choice can not only block the intrusion of external microorganisms, but also has better steam penetration. Such as special syringe sterilization box, storage tank for dressing, etc. Civil aluminum boxes are difficult to enter due to steam, and the air in the box is not easy to exhaust, and the sterilization effect is often not achieved according to conventional sterilization. Test comparison shows that its pollution rate is much higher than that of medical aluminum boxes. Therefore, it is not possible to use civilian aluminum boxed syringes or instruments for sterilization.
3. Sterilized items should be placed reasonably. Too many items to be disinfected or improperly placed can affect the sterilization effect. The contents of the sterilization pot should not be over-squeezed and should not exceed the content of the pot. Try to sterilize similar items in a pot. If there are different types of items packed together, the temperature and time required for the items that are difficult to be sterilized should be the standard. When loading items, they should be staggered up, down, left, and right, leaving gaps so that the steam can easily penetrate. The large sterilization bag should be placed on the upper layer, and the small bag should be placed on the lower layer. The large enamel box and the storage tank should also be placed on the lower layer. Cloth and metal items should be sterilized at the same time. The metal items should be wrapped on the lower layer to make the two heat basically the same. And prevent the condensed water generated in the sterilization of metal objects from wetting the wrapping cloth.
Fourth, exhaust the air. When using a high-pressure steam sterilizer, the most important thing is to exhaust the air in the pot. If there is air in the pot, the pressure pointed by the air pressure needle is not the pressure produced by saturated steam. At the same pressure, the temperature of steam mixed with air is lower than that of saturated steam.
5. Calculate the sterilization time reasonably. Sterilization time includes: ①Penetration time, calculated from the time the pot reaches the sterilization temperature, and the time until the most difficult part of the pot also reaches this temperature; ②Maintenance time, which is the time required to kill microorganisms, generally The time required to kill the spores of Stearothermophilus is expressed as; ③Safety time is the additional time required to ensure sterilization. It is generally half of the heat death time, and its length depends on the sterilized items. No safe time is required for the sterilization of heat-conducting metal equipment. During the sterilization time, pay attention to the pressure gauge and time to adjust the air volume to maintain the pressure at the sterilization time. During the sterilization process, if the pressure or temperature drops, the temperature should be increased again and the time should be re-timed.
