What is the working principle of a hemodialysis machine？
Hemodialysis, or hemodialysis for short, is also called artificial kidney and dialysis in popular terms, which is a kind of blood purification technology. It uses the principle of semi-permeable membrane to remove all kinds of harmful and excess metabolic waste and excessive electrolytes out of the body through diffusion to achieve the purpose of purifying the blood, and to achieve the purpose of correcting the water-electrolyte and acid-base balance by absorption.
principle
Dialysis means that the solution on both sides of the semipermeable membrane undergoes diffusion, permeation and ultrafiltration, that is, the solute flows from the side with high concentration to the side with low concentration, and the water molecules flow from the side with low osmotic pressure to the side with high osmotic pressure. The process of side flow finally reaches dynamic equilibrium. Hemodialysis achieves the purpose of treatment through solution dispersion and ultrafiltration between blood and dialysate. Therefore, the dialysis process is the process of dispersing and filtering the solute.
Structure principle
The hemodialysis machine can be roughly divided into two parts: the blood monitoring alarm system and the dialysate supply system. Blood monitoring alarm system includes blood pump, heparin pump, arteriovenous pressure monitoring and air monitoring, etc.; dialysate supply system includes temperature control system, liquid dispensing system, degassing system, conductivity monitoring system, ultrafiltration monitoring and blood leakage monitoring, etc. Partial composition. Its working principle is: dialysis concentrate and dialysis water are prepared into qualified dialysate through the dialysate supply system, and the patient’s blood drawn from the blood monitoring alarm system is passed through the hemodialyzer for solute dispersion, permeation and ultrafiltration; after the action The blood of the patient is returned to the patient through the blood monitoring alarm system, and the dialysis liquid is discharged from the dialysate supply system as a waste liquid; the continuous cycle is repeated to achieve the purpose of treatment and complete the entire dialysis process.
