Sudden cardiac arrest is a clinical emergency, most of which occur in public places outside the hospital. The survival rate outside the hospital is less than 10%. Every year, sudden cardiac death takes the lives of nearly 540,000 Chinese people. On average, one person is unfortunate every minute. fall down. For patients with sudden cardiac arrest, if the first aid is immediately performed within 1 minute after the cardiac arrest occurs, the success rate of treatment can reach 90%. However, the success rate decreased by 7% to 10% per minute as the first aid time was delayed. After 5 minutes of cardiac arrest, the rescue success rate was only 50%, and the brain cells had already caused irreversible damage. 10 minutes will cause brain death.
In fact, in most areas, it is difficult for first responders to reach the scene of an accident within 5 minutes. The time for domestic ambulances to arrive at the accident site is far more than 10 minutes, and most of them have missed the prime time to treat cardiac arrest. According to the statistics of previous emergency rescue experience, most patients with myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest have already arrived at the emergency department. In death, the chance of being saved is less than 1%.
Therefore, it is very important to popularize cardiopulmonary resuscitation and early defibrillation. If the people around the patient give first aid and use AED in time, it is likely to save his life. However, after investigating the use of automatic external defibrillators installed in urban public places, it was found that this "life-saving artifact" has almost become a display. Most of the surrounding public do not know this first-aid equipment, let alone a meeting. use, or dare not use.
In fact, a defibrillator is a medical device that automatically monitors a patient's heart rhythm and delivers electric shocks to restore the heart to normal operation. Different from the manual defibrillators used by professional medical staff in hospitals, AEDs are specially designed for use by the general public. The operation of the instrument is very simple, and it also provides the rescuers with operation precautions by voice, which can be called "fool-level". . Usually only need to turn on the power and stick the patch to the patient, the AED will automatically analyze the heart rhythm and determine whether an electric shock is needed. The operator only needs to follow the instructions of the machine until the professional medical staff arrives.
Here, we list the operation steps of AED:
1. If someone falls to the ground, you must first make an assessment, including whether the site environment is safe, the consciousness and breathing of the injured person. Once you find that the injured person is unconscious, not breathing or breathing abnormally, you should call for help immediately, and let someone call 120 or take an AED. .
2. Before AED arrives, chest compressions and artificial respiration should be performed. When the AED arrives, it is used first, with the patient lying flat on their back on a firm surface and clothing removed.
3. Turn on the AED switch, wipe the chest skin, and ensure that the chest wall skin is dry. Dry skin and dermatome to remove hair if necessary.
4. Take out the electrode sheet from the packaging bag, remove the protective film on the electrode film, and stick the electrode tightly on the patient's chest. Generally speaking, two electrode plates are attached to the upper right chest and the outside of the left lower chest nipple respectively. For the specific positions, please refer to the drawing on the AED case or the picture description on the electrode plate.
5. Insert the plug of the electrode board into the jack, and the machine will automatically start to analyze the heart rhythm. Do not touch the patient during this process, even a slight touch may affect the analysis of the AED. After the analysis, the AED will issue a recommendation for defibrillation.
6. When the AED analysis results indicate defibrillation, do not contact the patient, and tell anyone else nearby to stay away from the patient. After ensuring that no one is in contact with the patient, the operator presses the "discharge" button for defibrillation according to the prompts.
7. After the electric shock, the AED will analyze the heart rhythm again. If the effective perfusion heart rhythm is not restored, the operator should continue to perform 5 cycles of CPR (each cycle includes 30 compressions and 2 artificial breaths), and then analyze the heart rhythm again, defibrillation, CPR, repeated until the arrival of emergency personnel.
